Skip to content Skip to footer

Multimodal therapy and use of adjunctive therapies to BoNT-A in spasticity management: defining terminology to help enhance spasticity treatment

The terms ‘adjunctive’ and ‘multimodal’ therapy are often used interchangeably, which may cause confusion.  It is imperative to understand the differences between these approaches in order to achieve treatment goals in spasticity management. Addition of a secondary pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic treatment to optimize the efficacy of the initial modality, is considered an adjunctive therapy. Multimodal therapy is an integrated, patient-centric program of pharmacologic and non pharmacologic strategies utilized in a concurrent/integrated or sequential manner to enhance the overall treatment effect across a variety of spasticity associated impairments. This paper aims to clarify the differences between adjunctive and multimodal therapies, provide a brief evidence-based review of such approaches, and highlight clinical insights on selecting multimodal and adjunctive therapies in spasticity management.

View the manuscript

Supported by Merz Therapeutics GmbH

Liability for links
Our site contains links to external websites, over which we have no control. Therefore we cannot accept any responsibility for this external content. The respective provider or operator is always responsible for the contents of any linked site. At the time of linking the linked sites where checked for possible legal violations. At the time of linking illegal contents were not indicated. A permanent control of the linked pages is unreasonable without concrete evidence of violation. Upon notification of violations, we will remove such links immediately.

Award scoring criteria

The following criteria will be judged out of a score of 5; (1 is suboptimal; 2 is adequate; 3 is good; 4 is very good; 5 is excellent)

GENERAL

  • Days per week working in spasticity management
  • Average number of spasticity patients managed per month
  • Environment and clinical team (type of institution, location, size/structure of clinical team, particular patient needs)
  • Role of responsibility in managing patients with spasticity
  • Scientific appointments in spasticity
  • Honours for work undertaken in spasticity

SCHOLARLY

  • Number of research projects investigating relevant aspects of spasticity management
  • Impact of research projects investigating relevant aspects of spasticity management
  • Number of peer-reviewed publications on topic
    Number of presentations of research at international meetings
  • Number of presentations at national conferences
  • Teaching/mentorship of younger injectors
  • h-index

CLINICAL

  • Evidence of development or growth of a spasticity program at the applicant’s practice or institution
  • Breadth of services provided, including medications, toxins, physical interventions, and Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy (ITB)
  • Role of responsibility in managing patients with spasticity

ENDORSEMENT

  • Endorsed by senior peer

In the event of a tie, based on the above scoring criteria, the Toxnet Co-Chairs will make the final decision.